Gum disease is the leading cause of adult tooth loss, yet it’s largely preventable. Understanding the stages of gum disease helps you catch it early and protect your smile. Our gum treatment specialists in Bangalore treat all stages of periodontal disease.
Stage 1: Gingivitis (Reversible)
Symptoms
- Red, swollen gums
- Bleeding during brushing or flossing
- Bad breath that won’t go away
- Gums that are tender to touch
What’s Happening
Bacteria in plaque produce toxins that irritate the gum tissue. At this stage, no bone or tissue damage has occurred — it’s fully reversible with professional dental cleaning and improved home care.
Treatment
- Professional dental cleaning to remove plaque and tartar
- Improved brushing and flossing technique
- Antimicrobial mouthwash
- Regular cleanings every 3-4 months
Stage 2: Early Periodontitis
Symptoms
- All gingivitis symptoms, plus:
- Gums beginning to pull away from teeth (pockets forming)
- Some bone loss visible on X-rays
- Persistent bad breath
What’s Happening
The infection has spread below the gumline, creating pockets between gums and teeth. Bacteria accumulate in these pockets, causing progressive bone loss.
Treatment
- Scaling and root planing (deep cleaning) — removes bacteria below the gumline
- Antibiotic therapy — local or oral antibiotics
- More frequent periodontal maintenance cleanings
Stage 3: Moderate Periodontitis
Symptoms
- Noticeable gum recession
- Teeth appearing longer
- Pockets 5-7mm deep
- Tooth sensitivity from exposed roots
- Loose teeth beginning to shift
What’s Happening
Significant bone loss has occurred. The supporting structures of the teeth are compromised. Without treatment, tooth loss is imminent.
Treatment
- Advanced periodontal therapy
- Pocket reduction surgery
- Bone grafting to regenerate lost bone
- Gum grafting for recession
- Splinting loose teeth together
Stage 4: Advanced Periodontitis
Symptoms
- Significant tooth mobility
- Severe bone loss (50%+)
- Pus between teeth and gums
- Pain while chewing
- Teeth may need extraction
Treatment
- Tooth extraction of hopeless teeth
- Dental implants or bridges to replace lost teeth
- Full mouth rehabilitation in severe cases
- Ongoing periodontal maintenance
Prevention Is Key
- Brush twice daily with a soft-bristled brush
- Floss daily — this is non-negotiable
- Use antimicrobial mouthwash
- Visit for dental cleanings every 6 months
- Don’t smoke — smoking is the #1 risk factor for gum disease
- Manage diabetes — it increases gum disease risk
- Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamin C
When to See a Gum Specialist
See our periodontal team if you notice:
- Bleeding gums (this is never normal)
- Bad breath that persists
- Receding gums
- Loose teeth
- Changes in your bite
Concerned about your gums? Our gum treatment specialists in Bangalore can help at any stage. Book a check-up today.
